public firms have been required to make electronic corporate disclosures in the Securities and Exchange Commission's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR) database since fiscal year 1993. It includes Standard & Poor’s Compustat data, reformatted Jun 30, 2022 · Compustat: A market database published by Standard and Poor's. ). 数据库简介： Compustat数据库可提供美加地区超过24000家上市公司的详细季度和年度财务报表与财务指标的历史数据。. 2 Following Berger and Ofek (1995), I eliminate firms with at least one division in the financial sector (SIC codes between 6000 and 6999). I was looking for a simple way to collect financial annual data using Compustat from WRDS services and didn't find any. May 20, 2019 · Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS): Go to COMPUSTAT, then click on North America. For each customer, we determine whether they are a Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP)/COMPUSTAT listed firm. Firms have some latitude in how they choose to report their number of segments. * Now merge on CUSIP and TIME. 1998 is the end year because the citation data ends in 2006. Plus, we deliver Compustat®, a comprehensive database with standardized, historical and point-in-time data. PDF Title. Using segment data to improve marketing. Apparently, Compustat uses recent CUSIP while SDC uses historical CUSIP. To install: ssc install dataex. ) This example shows how to extract data from a 48-quarter Compustat Database File. Apr 1, 2017 · I begin with all firms in Compustat with non-missing value of total assets from 1980 to 2014, and delete financial and utilities firms from the initial sample because these industries are highly regulated. Federal Judicial Center Litigation Compustat-CIK Link provide the link among Docket Numbers, Case keys, GVKEYs and CIKs. merge 1:m CUSIP timevar using "CRSP". For COMPUSTAT data files, the series variable names are constructed by concatenating the name of the data array DATA and the column number containing the required information. The three types of Compustat Global data available on the WRDS platform are explored: Fundamentals data. The database includes detailed income, balance sheet, flow of funds and supplemental data across 340 annual and 120 quarterly items, with point-in-time snapshots from 1987 to present. Figure 2 compares the U. Compustat® data via Research Insight – Quick Reference Guide. For geo segments they have nothing to go on, so that is left blank. Jan 16, 2020 · We extract information from COMPUSTAT segment data to identify supply-chain relationships. May 25, 2020 · Merge Compustat and CRSP¶ Using the CRSP/Compustat Merged Database (CCM) to extract data is one of the fundamental steps in most finance studies. She argues that to protect their abnormal profits and market share, firms in less-competitive industries are less likely to disclose commercially valuable information to competitors. S&P Global Market Intelligence integrates Compustat North America provides annual and quarterly fundamentals (accounting statement information) for public companies in the US and Canada. The CIS database reports segment information for all active Compustat firms other than utility subsidiaries. pdf), Text File (. Nov 20, 2023 · S&P Global Market Intelligence, formerly S&P Capital IQ and SNL Financial, is a division of S&P Global (NYSE: SPGI). Standard & Poor’s Compustat North America User’s Guide Introduction i What is Standard & Poor’s Compustat® North America data? 1 Industrial Files 2 Merged Industrial Research File 3 Industrial BackData File 3 Canadian File 4 Compustat Business Information File 4 Business Descriptions File 6 Daily Fundamentals 6 Daily Prices 6 May 21, 2024 · Compustat Global does not provide segment data. 2 Supplier–customer data. All of our data sets are available via flexible delivery options to power your research and analysis. Compustat goes back annually to 1950, and Global Vantage goes back to 1993. Data date back to 1950. 1962年以来 Standard＆Poor （S＆P）によって作成されています。. The data we use, namely Compustat's Industry Segment File, is constructed by Compustat from information reported by firms. TR SDC - M&A and New Issues (IPO SEO) Pricing. Dealscan records can be linked to Compustat using the Roberts Dealscan-Compustat Linking Database. *Keep only matching observations. Weconstruct twosamples based on the core Compustat file: in one sample, we match Compustat Fundamental with Compustat Segment or “line of business” data; in another sample, we add matched firm-year data from the LBD. S. SEGSRC Data Set—Operating Segment Source History. 210) warned of this problem in general and Ali et al. Oct 23, 2008 · Segment data are obtained from the Compustat Segment files. We identify supplier–customer relationships from the COMPUSTAT segment files. Apr 9, 2021 · 3. Additional Compustat data files include bank fundamentals, historical business segment data and executive compensation (Execucomp). CRISP is maintained by Chicago Booth CRSP, and Compustat by S&P. Compustat offers a variety of databases. 订购产品名称： Compustat. Aug 1, 2017 · The most popular solution for this problem is to use Compustat company level data to approximate the HHI. By comparison, the median (mean) market value of all Compustat firms for the sample period is $70 million ($1. When data is missing from the Compustat Database, Compustat assigns a missing observation code. Bloomberg: Type the ticker symbol of your desired company, press Equity, type FA, and then press GO. The database includes information from annual and quarterly company income statements, balance sheets, and statements of cash flows. The domestic geographic segment of the COMPUSTAT data is compared to the LFTTD export data and differences, which can be related to linking COMPUSTAT to the LBD and LFTTD using the COMPUSTAT‐SSEL Bridge File, isnted. As is well known, the Compustat files only include data for companies that are publicly listed in the U. Canadian File. In this study, we instead use segment identifiable total assets (Compustat item IAS) from Compustat Segment Data to compute our entropy index. The domestic geographic segment of the COMPUSTAT data is compared to the LFTTD export data and differences, which can be related to linking COMPUSTAT to the LBD and Step-by-step instructions are provided. Time Series Data Sets. Researchers need to have obtained appropriate permissions. Introduction. その登録名は、「コンピューター」と「統計」の融合であり、スペース COMPUSTAT data files, distributed by Standard & Poor’s Compustat Services, Inc. Use the Linking Suite to link CRSP stocks to corporate bonds in TRACE, options in Optionmetrics, earnings forecasts in IBES, or intraday data in TAQ. May 9, 2023 · Choose Compustat as your dataset, then choose Historical Segments; Enter desired date range and company codes then select geographic under segment type. use compustat, clear. 4 illustrates the results of a simulation of the incremental effect of a given \ ( DOP \) for different values of \ ( {g_2}- {g_1} \). First, we obtain data on countries of geographic diversification from Compustat Segment database (we exclude geographic segments without information on the specific country of diversification). May 29, 2022 · 7 While referring to “multi-business” and “single-business” firms prior to this section, the terms “multi-segment” and “single-segment” are used throughout the empirical analysis given that the Compustat database firms report “segments. CRSP/Ziman Real Estate Database – Release Notes – 2024 – 04 – Monthly. ' Data items relevant for strategic Methodological Topics using Foreign Trade Data. Securities data. Census Bureau estimates of low-valued exports and Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) estimates of trade in services—with the export flows recorded in the customer segment. Since 1977, firms have been required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. Instant visualization of the effect of events on international stocks The database provides the historical matching of CRSP market and corporate action data with Compustat fundamental data. Similar to Compustat North America, it provides quarterly and annual financial statement information at both consolidated and unconsolidated level as well as the segment data. UNIX Statistical Server (see Figure 6). Nov 1, 2013 · 1978 is set as the start year to be consistent with the availability of the Compustat Segment data. SEGDTL Data Set—Operating Segment Detail History. We follow Fee and Thomas for the matching process. table (Dowle and Srinivasan,2019) and lubridate (Grolemund and Wickham,2011). (View the complete code for this example . Unlike Bloomberg or FactSet, Capital IQ (CapIQ) is a web-based portal accessible from any machine. (2021). Wharton Research Data Services - The Global Standard for Business Research. ” Major changes in the Compustat database in 1997 contributed to limiting our sample to a This example shows how to extract data from a 48-quarter Compustat Database File. COMPUSTAT provides disaggregated financial information for business segments that represent at least 10 percent of a firm's sales, assets, or profits. a. Once you are in the dataset, click Segments (Non-Historical). Corresponding Slide Deck. After excluding financial and utility firms, the final litigation and restatement samples contain 978 and 455 firm-year observations for affected suppliers, respectively. Report Assistant – to run a current or historical report with user-selected items. Dec 8, 2023 · All data items include a mnemonic and field name. As sample firms are multinationals, they are relatively large, with a median (mean) market value of equity of $927 million ($4. The CRSP/Compustat Merged Database is a CRSP product that contains Compustat data items. Here I document several SAS programs for annual, quarterly and monthly data, inspired by and adapted from several examples from the WRDS. txt) or read online for free. Expand global market research using security returns directly from Compustat Global and index returns computed by WRDS from underlying Compustat Global data. Brief overview: Compustat provided by S&P Global contains fundamental financial and market information on both active and inactive global companies in a standardized form. There are four kinds of segment information available: Business Segment: An industry segment or product line reported by a company; Geographic Segment: Indicates how many geographic segments collected by Standard & Poor's are available for the company in the given data year. To ensure that the data from different datasets applies to the same company, researchers need tools to convert permanent identifiers from one to another or to link data from different datasets for the same companies. Footnote 6 Our method of doing so is similar to that of Fee and Thomas . Figure 7. In conversations about customer segmentation, you’ll often hear the terms target audience, segment, or cohort, which have their own distinctions. 1. It also provides data on aggregates and industry segments, banks, market prices, dividends, and earnings. 7 Quarterly COMPUSTAT Data Files. Since the CRSP data will have multiple records for the same CUSIP and date variable, more often than not, we shall use the m:1 merge. Open Report – to view a pre-formatted report such as One issue we cannot address directly is the issue of potentialreporting biases. A defined structure for Compustat data is used to store all available Compustat and CRSP Apr 30, 2024 · Compustat is a standardized database delivering fundamental and market data on over 100, 000 securities to clients through a variety of databases and analytical software products. Dec 1, 2023 · The sample includes all firms that have available segment-level data in Compustat for the period of 1990–2006. Data organization Compustat data are organized by company and security around Compustat’s Permanent SPC Identifier, GVKEY, and issue identifier, IID. Firms self-report segment data and changes in the number of reported segments may reflect changes in reporting practice. Data The discussion assumes that the user has already downloaded the CRSP and the COMPUSTAT datasets in two separate files, both in csv formats. Census Bureau (Census) export statistics—which combine a census of commodity exports with U. First, we perform Jan 25, 2022 · Compustat Global, previously known as Global Vantage, is by Standard & provided Poor’s. Sustainalytics data can be downloaded using the WRDS Sustainalytics web queries, or from our server (/wrds/sustain/sasdata). However, as can be seen above, my code consists of 3 digits. The dependent variable (Segment exit) is a dummy equal to 1 if a segment is no longer being reported in the following year (but the firm still reports segments the following year), and 0 otherwise. 134 Feb 1, 2017 · The initial sample includes all firm-year observations in Compustat over the period 1994–2009. Hitting the “Enter” key again will Jan 2, 2020 · Compustat's documentation indicates that this code runs from 0 to 20. Data is available from 1992 forward. An extensive literature uses patent data to answers questions on the determinants and consequences of inventive activity. and Canadian fundamental and market information on more than 93,000 active and inactive publicly held companies. After accessing WRDS, select 'Get Data' in the menu bar and click 'All data’ to see all WRDS datasets. Ready-to-use code¶ Jan 1, 2007 · This data is available for all active Compustat firms except utility subsidiaries and is easy for most researchers to access. Jun 26, 2019 · We then exploit the export weights to create annual domestic shipments statistics for the manufacturing sector in figure 3b. Balance sheet data is drawn from COMPUSTAT, while ACES provides segment-level capital expenditure data. – to screen the database and select companies. For the members of the Freie Universität Berlin, the following databases are accessible: Compustat – Execucomp is an artifact of segment data. These data are often referred to as either "market" or on-flight origin and destination records. CRSP/Compustat Merged Database – Release Notes – 2024 – 05 – Monthly. clear. SEGPROD Data Set—Operating Segment Products History. 2 billion purchase of rival SNL. All variables are defined in Table A. It provides access to a vast repository of financial, economic, and marketing data, which is pivotal for conducting rigorous research in various fields 数据库购买方： 清华大学经济管理学院. Compustat data are organized by company and security around Compustat’s Permanent SPC Identifier, GVKEY, and issue identifier, IID. This CD presents data reported by U. 2 The Compustat-Segment data provide one of our direct measures Jun 13, 2024 · Data Bank 28DS - T-100 Domestic Segment Data (World Area Code) Thursday, June 13, 2024. 1. Our comprehensive and global focus on fundamentals goes deep with SNL industry fundamentals and broad with S&P Capital IQ financials. We extend these data using Compustat segment files and the merged CRSP-Compustat database for the 1980–2019 period. Our data has led to the transformation of the world of Feb 20, 2020 · This study builds on social network and resource dependence perspectives and examines whether the central position occupied by a customer firm affects supplier financial performance. (3) geo segments should give details of location Document Archives. firms. The research setting for this study is the manufacturing and service industries. Secondary identifiers are available in the header and link history that can be used to cross-reference companies to GVKEYs. Firms are required to have sufficient data to calculate all regression variables and at least one segment observation in both the pre- and post-FAS 131 period, meaning that the same firm must be present in both the pre-FAS 131 sample and the post-FAS 131 Compustat® data is available through XpressfeedTM, our powerful data feed management solution, that expedites integration into your repository and simplifies maintenance. It looks like this in my dataset: Code: * Example generated by -dataex-. Open Screen – to open a screen containing your own saved criteria. About the Linking Method. Compustat® data is also accessible through an API, third-party vendors, and the S&P Capital IQ platform. What We Do. docume Relevant Datasets: LFTTD, CSB Oct 1, 2020 · Sample and data. The data Feb 6, 2024 · Compustat. There appears to be survivor bias for the 1950s. Stock return data come from the Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP). Type the company's ticker symbol, hit the yellow <EQUITY> key, type FA GEO and hit <GO>. No further definitions for Compustat data items are provided in this guide except clarification on mnemonics and usage for a data item that may be COMPUSTAT is a bank of financial, statistical and marketing data on publicly traded American and Canadian companies. Data come from Compustat Business Segment Data for the period 1977 to 2019. delayed filings, rating change) RavenPack – Timestamp and headlines of macro and company specific news. S&P Compustat provides financial information on over 28,000 North American, publicly-held companies from the 1950s to present. Moreover, the layout conventions of many Jun 13, 2024 · Compustat. Choose the Compustat-Capital Tools – Complete Financial Statement (XLS). SEGCUST Data Set—Operating Segment Customer History. Jan 4, 2022 · 3. Jun 1, 2021 · 1. Data are available in both an IBM 360/370 format and a "Universal Character" format, both of which further subdivide into The COMPUSTAT II Industry Segment data base is compiled from firms' annual reports and 10-K reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The best way to overcome this is to download a dataset from CRSP called stocknames which has historical CUSIP. When conducting financial research, it is often necessary to match security-level data in the CRSP database with company-level data in the Compustat database. You can upload your own “events” file, or use corporate events from Capital IQ’s Key Development database. Imputed operating leverage for a segment is average operating leverage of all single-segment firms with the same two-digit SIC code. Data available on WRDS includes North America Daily, Global Daily, Bank Daily, Historical Segments Daily Apr 29, 2016 · Compustat/S&P fills the segment dataset based on the 10-K segment information footnote. Then, you can click on Compustat-Capital IQ. The unit of observation is a segment-year. . * Open the Compustat data. To link Sustainalytics data with Compustat data, we suggest users link first with Capital IQ (CIQ), and then to May 1, 2024 · Capital IQ (CapIQ) was founded in 1998 and was acquired by McGraw Hill’s S&P division for $200 million in 2004. Example 12. The firm is a leading provider of financial and industry data, research, news, and analytics to investment professionals, government agencies, corporations, and universities worldwide. Special files contain bank specific data. Assuming a two-year lag between application year and granting year and using a six-year citation windows, the last year we can get all the citation information for any patent that is Customer segmentation is the process of organizing customers into specific groups based on shared characteristics, behaviors, or preferences, with the aim of delivering more relevant experiences. From the classroom to the boardroom, WRDS is more than just a data platform — data validation, flexible delivery options, simultaneous access to multiple data sources, and dedicated client support provided by doctoral-level professionals. Standard & Poor’s COMPUSTAT (North America) User’s Guide. carriers operating between airports located within the boundaries of the United States and its territories. CRSP data contains security-level historical descriptive information and market data on more than 32,000 securities for both inactive and active companies from the NYSE, NYSE American, NASDAQ, and NYSE Arca exchanges. Mar 7, 2024 · Data description. The sample and data in this paper come from the Compustat Industry Segment (CIS) database and Compustat annual database from 1979 to 2012. Nov 1, 2011 · Compustat Fundamental (alargepanel oflarge, public U. While this may be a late response, I have experienced something similar when trying to merge Compustat with SDC. There are, however, several well-known problems with CIS data. Link is provided for Bankruptcy, Civil and Criminal data. Once we get a company identifier from this matching process, we are able to match the other data sources. At ASU, students or faculty can retrieve COMPUSTAT data directly by typing in a single command “compustat” right after signing onto the. firms). I then collect customer-supplier data from Compustat Segment data. , firms with Standard. Restated Quarterly Data 8 Specific Uses for COMPUSTAT (North America) 11 Specific Uses for the COMPUSTAT Prices, Dividends and Earnings (PDE) File 12 Availability of Market Index Data 13 Specific Uses for the COMPUSTAT Business Information File 15 Segment Classifications 15 COMPUSTAT Business Information Files 17 Segment NAICS File 19 2 days ago · Compustat Customer Segment Company Names - GVKEY Link provides the missing link between abreviated Customer Segment (Supply Chain) Company Names to GVKEY. Compustat. Log in to your WRDS account and Click on “Compustat Sustainalytics is a provider of ESG data including ratings and reference data. To proxy for a firm's geographic COIVD-19 . Major customer data are obtained from the Compustat segment customer files. We then match each firm-year-country of diversification with the stringency index from Hale et al. 134 Sep 16, 2023 · Compustatは、市場インテリジェンスと企業データの主要なコンピューター化されたソースであり、最も古いものの1つです。. In this case, the incremental value effect of \ ( DOP \) is negative, as shown by line segment MN’. 5. 8 billion). Secondary Data: Segment Data: Geographical, Industry, Customer (Compustat or FactSet Revere) Corporate Event Data: Capital IQ Key Developments – date and key events (e. Industrial Research File. Oct 1, 2018 · Standard & Poor's Compustat database is employed to collect firm- and segment-level data. Check for non-merges The domestic geographic segment of the COMPUSTAT data is compared to the LFTTD export data and differences, which can be related to linking COMPUSTAT to the LBD and LFTTD using the COMPUSTAT†SSEL Bridge File, is documented. The core packages of interest are data. provide segment disclosures for operations in more-concentrated industries, measured using Compustat data. Research Assistant. Researchers can choose between industry classifications based on SIC code by Fama and French, or select the GICS sector classification to arrive at the final average of industry level ratios, using all Aug 11, 2015 · However, sector sales may not reflect the production process, facilities, and other emission sources implicated by a diversified product portfolio. Use the “Enter” key or the “Tab” key to move down to the “SELECT DATA SET” button. What is Standard & Poor’s COMPUSTAT® (North America) data? Industrial Files. A Platform For Financial Data #. Merged Industrial Research Annual File. Then click on 6) Segments to see By Geography company figures. 1 Sample construction and data sources. The ACES is maintained by the Census Bureau, and provides detailed information on capital investment by non-farm businesses. 该库收录北美及全球上市公司近20年的财务数据，另外亦提供北美回溯版，包括 Jan 3, 2024 · Here are some examples of how customer segment data can inspire growth-minded business activity: 1. For example, for quarterly files the common stock data is in column 56. e. Compustat North America is a database of U. Figure 6 COMPUSTAT Main Window. SEGGEO Data Set—Geographic Segment History. We obtain our initial sample from all U. **: Detailed fundamental data for companies trading on all of the major United States & Canadian exchanges. We start our sample in 1994 because U. Based on how firms describe their industrial segments the 'data entry' workers get some detail to decide what the best fitting SIC should be. Then, after discovered, I decided to Provides 70+ industry-level financial ratios across eight different categories (valuation, liquidity, profitability, financial soundness, etc. To test proposed hypotheses, we collect data from the Compustat segment customer database and use pooled ordinary least squares Feb 1, 2023 · Data collection and important measures. A defined structure for Compustat data is used to store all Apr 10, 2024 · contains more than 100 up-to-date salary, bonus, and stock option data along with company identification items that can be used to match the top executives’ compensation data with company financial data found in the Compustat North America database. 1 The article will rely on different libraries to perform the analysis. CRSP provides data of the highest integrity and transparency to ensure the strongest foundation for economic forecasting, stock market research and financial analysis conducted by academic organizations, investment banks, brokerage firms, corporations and government agencies. 11 While we are not directly targeting the average domestic flows from CFS, the Compustat customer segment data captures about two-thirds of the domestic transactions in terms of value in 2007--a share that increases to The analysis of the quality of export data is important to Census planners, as outlined in the 2010 Census document titled Potential Methodological Topics using Foreign Trade Data. The type Oct 14, 2018 · 28 Apr 2021, 17:16. In particular, the annual accounting items are available since 1987. Many papers use patent data from the NBER, which matches patents granted by the United States Patent Office to publicly traded American firms (henceforth, Compustat firms). (2009) documented the weaknesses of using this particular database to approximate the Census HHI as the August 2, 2002 vi Cash and Deposits. I further exclude all firm-year observations for which I do not have each segment's industry We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. We first extract the fundamental data for US listed firms from the CRSP/Compustat database, excluding financial firms (i. We obtain the Compustat Data Manual. Sep 1, 2023 · The primary data used in this paper comes from the data on US customer–supplier relationships from 1980 to 2005 identified by Cohen and Frazzini (2008). You have to be careful when reading the data, because the missing observations are just coded as special numbers, and you might process the data as if it were actual accounting data rather than a missing observation code. , consist of a collection of financial, statistical, and market information covering several thousand industrial and nonindustrial companies. Download. Segment Customer File Data Record Format 17 COMPUSTAT Business Information - Segment Detail File 18 Record Control Information 18 Header Record 18 Record Format 18 Segment Detail File Primary Keys 18 Segment Detail File Header Record 19 Segment Detail File Data Record Format 20 COMPUSTAT Business Information - Segment Item Value File 21 Standard & Poor's Compustat—available in the Fidelity Research Center—is a leading source of this intelligence for financial market professionals. Index constituents and index prices. IAS is the total assets used by or directly associated August 2, 2002 vi Cash and Deposits. pdf - Free download as PDF File (. With the exception of roughly a dozen data items, the mnemonics of Compustat data items used in the CCM database match the name provided by Compustat. SEGNAICS Data Set—Operating Segment NAICS History. 14 'Financial Reporting for Segments of a Business Enterprise. Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS) is a data research platform and business intelligence tool widely used in academic, government, and corporate sectors. The Capital IQ offering was strengthened further in July 2015 with McGraw Hill’s $2. However Compustat came to the market around 1964 and backfiled active companies from that time period back to 1950. Company financial reports come in many shapes and sizes, which can make it very difficult to analyze and compare financial results among different firms. Jan 1, 2013 · The firm value is given by point N’, which lies below M. Sep 29, 2022 · Segment-level assets (ias item on the Compustat segment file) are used to determine the weights used to compute the standard deviation and the weighted average. Industrial Back Data File. Leverage highly standardized, deep historical and point-in-time data for Apr 18, 2024 · Different datasets in WRDS are collected from different sources, e. May 1, 2011 · Our data come from two sources: COMPUSTAT and the Annual Capital Expenditure Survey (ACES). The comprehensive Compustat database provides company data going back 40 to 50 years on over 65,000 securities, as of 2010. 14 to report information about operating segments consisting of their major customers that account for 10% or more of their annual sales. This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search Aug 24, 2023 · First, to identify major customers of suppliers, we collect data from the Compustat Segment Customer file. g. Hay and Morris (1991, p. Feb 5, 2021 · Since the COMPUSTAT Segment database only provides the names of primary customers, we must manually match names from this data source with those in the CRSP database. keep if _merge == 3 . Other products include executive Jun 26, 2019 · Figure 2: Exports of Goods and Services in Compustat and Census Data. firms included in Compustat between 1984 and 2017. Disclosure of the financial information in this data base is required by FASB-SFAS No. We obtain the data for this study from different sources, including the CRSP/Compustat database and the Compustat Segment Customer file. 2 billion). Nov 27, 2023 · The following is a list of common elements in some of the most heavily used financial databases. CRSP Market Indexes Breakpoints Chart – Quarter Ending June 28, 2024. Use Bloomberg (see access details). Prior studies of the diversification discount have used this information to measure corporate diversification in U. Does anyone know where I can find the meaning of this 3-digit code. The tutorial concludes with a discussion of some common research questions regarding Compustat Global data. Compustat (United States) and Global Vantage (international) contain fundamental financial and price data for active and inactive publicly traded companies. The CRSP/Compustat Merged Database (CCM) is comprised of CRSP and Compustat® data together with the link and link-history references between these two databases. Tailor email campaigns to different segments, such as a nurture sequence for reluctant buyers and an upsell sequence for frequent buyers. ssgjulmwfeuhwxxcaoht